PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice late to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 years.